ethnography(人类学追踪解释)
资讯
2023-11-28
54
1. ethnography,人类学追踪解释?
(1)什么是人类学?
人类学就是研究“人何以为人”(what makes us human)的学科,从不同的时间和空间范围内探索不同的人群。然而,所有人类在基因、肢体以及神经层面大体相同,并且对于一些基本需求有极高的相似性。我们都渴望食物、遮风挡雨的小屋、安全、繁衍以及社会表达。不同人群之间为了满足这些需求,产生了多种多样的生活方式。以此,面对各种各样人类研究亚领域(subfields),人类学统观人的社会性与生物性,采用整体观(holistic)的方法来解释人类的多样性。正是这种整体观的采用,人类学研究往往与其他学科有重叠之处。
在面对公共卫生危机时,应用人类学者运用人类学知识与方法实际地去解决制度或者公众背景问题。
(2)人类学基本方法
人类学有基本的信条:经验研究与整体观。人类学建立在对于事实的观察,并且坚信人类行为是个体、社区、制度以及自然环境协同影响的结果。为了实现这种多维度的考察,人类学者必须进行扎实的田野研究(field studies);这门学科的权威也扎根于此。
参与观察法是人类学者田野研究的根本之法。在研究目标群体时,人类学者同时扮演参与者与观察者,致力于对于事件做出一个专业、客观且可信的解释。在参与观察中,人类学者视情况不同,采用不同的研究方式,其中观察与描写是田野中核心活动,他们会记录下有关日常生活的大量且详细的笔记。这种深入地研究是其他方法难以比拟的。
田野工作的直接产物是民族志(ethnography)。关于在公共卫生事件突发时,“民族志有什么用处”这个问题的一些例子将在“人类学有何益处?”一节中进行探讨。
显然,在严重的公共卫生危机时期,长期参与观察的方法不大可行,然而人类学的方法具有灵活性与适应性。与此同时,通过与个别关键报道人(key informants)的联系,人类学者可以与流动人口保持联系并研究他们。
在需要迅速行动的情况下,人类学家可能会使用现有的评估工具,如快速评估程序(Rapid Assessment Procedures)、知识、态度和实践调查。
(3)人类学研究伦理
与其他与人打交道的学科一样,人类学要处理一整套十分复杂的研究伦理。取得社区的信任和接受是人类学家工作的关键,因此伦理准则的核心是强调透明度、协商获取和自愿知情同意。并且最终的研究呈现要充分尊重研究对象的意愿;研究成果可以共同归属于由研究者和所研究的社区。
2. 探究人类的起源的是什么学科?
学科
人类学(Anthropology)是从生物和文化的角度对人类进行全面研究的学科群,通常包括文化人类学、生物人类学(体质人类学)、考古学、语言人类学等分支。
从生物和文化的角度对人类进行全面研究的学科群,最早见于古希腊哲学家亚里士多德对具有高尚道德品质及行为的人的描述中。
在19世纪以前,人类学这个词的用法相当于今天所说的体质人类学,尤其是指对人体解剖学和生理学的研究。
人类学
当代人类学具有自然科学、人文学与社会科学的源头。它的研究主题有两个面向:一个是人类的生物性和文化性,一个是追溯人类今日特质的源头与演变。民族志(ethnography)同时指称人类学的主要研究方法,以及依据人类学研究而书写的文本。从事人类学研究的专家则称为人类学家
3. dictionary如果造句?
1、Could I borrow your dictionary?
2、Give the dictionary to him.
3、He threw my dictionary back.
4、You can certainly use my dictionary.
5、She bought an English dictionary for me.
6、Who has taken my dictionary away?
7、Writers often refer to a dictionary.
8、I left my dictionary in the library.
9、With the help of a dictionary editor, you can first build a dictionary and then use the dictionary lookup operator to embed the concept extraction in a flow.
10、A dictionary explains words and an encyclopedia explains facts.
11、A new Chinese-English dictionary will soon come out.
12、However, you can define the terms in a synonym dictionary and apply the synonym dictionary to the text index.
13、By 1807, Webster began writing an expanded English dictionary.
14、A revision of that dictionary has been published.
15、To compile an exhaustive dictionary is an exhausting task.
16、Dictionary attack — Guessing the password of a valid user using a brute force search through dictionary words.
17、The dictionary is stored in the table itself, implying a small amount of overhead (approximately 74kb).
18、So you need to add all expected variations manually to the variants of the dictionary.
19、The student came along with an English dictionary under his arm.
20、The new edition of the dictionary reflects the impact of these changes.
21、The keys of a dictionary are inherently unique, so it's possible to use a dictionary to remove duplicate lines from a file, and to do so in a way that preserves the original ordering of those lines.
22、In addition to the lexical dictionaries that are used during the dictionary lookup, there are also special internal inflection dictionaries.
23、The first edition of this dictionary has an impression of 10,000 copies and the total price is 1,000,000 yuan.
24、America's first dictionary -- Noah Webster's A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language -- was published 200 years ago and also introduced a crop of fresh words that have now become familiar.
25、One might not be surprised to find that a dictionary definition of this vintage omits a Japanese viewpoint.
26、If a word is not in the dictionary it gets a red underline, otherwise it's left alone.
27、ESL students and curious native speakers can search this dictionary to find idioms like "part and parcel," or "gnaw your vitals."
28、It is recommended that you implement a strong password policy to avoid any weak passwords being disclosed under brute force or dictionary attacks.
29、Leonard intends to record the Inughuits and, rather than writing a grammar or dictionary, produce an "ethnography of speaking" to show how their language and culture are interconnected.
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1. ethnography,人类学追踪解释?
(1)什么是人类学?
人类学就是研究“人何以为人”(what makes us human)的学科,从不同的时间和空间范围内探索不同的人群。然而,所有人类在基因、肢体以及神经层面大体相同,并且对于一些基本需求有极高的相似性。我们都渴望食物、遮风挡雨的小屋、安全、繁衍以及社会表达。不同人群之间为了满足这些需求,产生了多种多样的生活方式。以此,面对各种各样人类研究亚领域(subfields),人类学统观人的社会性与生物性,采用整体观(holistic)的方法来解释人类的多样性。正是这种整体观的采用,人类学研究往往与其他学科有重叠之处。
在面对公共卫生危机时,应用人类学者运用人类学知识与方法实际地去解决制度或者公众背景问题。
(2)人类学基本方法
人类学有基本的信条:经验研究与整体观。人类学建立在对于事实的观察,并且坚信人类行为是个体、社区、制度以及自然环境协同影响的结果。为了实现这种多维度的考察,人类学者必须进行扎实的田野研究(field studies);这门学科的权威也扎根于此。
参与观察法是人类学者田野研究的根本之法。在研究目标群体时,人类学者同时扮演参与者与观察者,致力于对于事件做出一个专业、客观且可信的解释。在参与观察中,人类学者视情况不同,采用不同的研究方式,其中观察与描写是田野中核心活动,他们会记录下有关日常生活的大量且详细的笔记。这种深入地研究是其他方法难以比拟的。
田野工作的直接产物是民族志(ethnography)。关于在公共卫生事件突发时,“民族志有什么用处”这个问题的一些例子将在“人类学有何益处?”一节中进行探讨。
显然,在严重的公共卫生危机时期,长期参与观察的方法不大可行,然而人类学的方法具有灵活性与适应性。与此同时,通过与个别关键报道人(key informants)的联系,人类学者可以与流动人口保持联系并研究他们。
在需要迅速行动的情况下,人类学家可能会使用现有的评估工具,如快速评估程序(Rapid Assessment Procedures)、知识、态度和实践调查。
(3)人类学研究伦理
与其他与人打交道的学科一样,人类学要处理一整套十分复杂的研究伦理。取得社区的信任和接受是人类学家工作的关键,因此伦理准则的核心是强调透明度、协商获取和自愿知情同意。并且最终的研究呈现要充分尊重研究对象的意愿;研究成果可以共同归属于由研究者和所研究的社区。
2. 探究人类的起源的是什么学科?
学科
人类学(Anthropology)是从生物和文化的角度对人类进行全面研究的学科群,通常包括文化人类学、生物人类学(体质人类学)、考古学、语言人类学等分支。
从生物和文化的角度对人类进行全面研究的学科群,最早见于古希腊哲学家亚里士多德对具有高尚道德品质及行为的人的描述中。
在19世纪以前,人类学这个词的用法相当于今天所说的体质人类学,尤其是指对人体解剖学和生理学的研究。
人类学
当代人类学具有自然科学、人文学与社会科学的源头。它的研究主题有两个面向:一个是人类的生物性和文化性,一个是追溯人类今日特质的源头与演变。民族志(ethnography)同时指称人类学的主要研究方法,以及依据人类学研究而书写的文本。从事人类学研究的专家则称为人类学家
3. dictionary如果造句?
1、Could I borrow your dictionary?
2、Give the dictionary to him.
3、He threw my dictionary back.
4、You can certainly use my dictionary.
5、She bought an English dictionary for me.
6、Who has taken my dictionary away?
7、Writers often refer to a dictionary.
8、I left my dictionary in the library.
9、With the help of a dictionary editor, you can first build a dictionary and then use the dictionary lookup operator to embed the concept extraction in a flow.
10、A dictionary explains words and an encyclopedia explains facts.
11、A new Chinese-English dictionary will soon come out.
12、However, you can define the terms in a synonym dictionary and apply the synonym dictionary to the text index.
13、By 1807, Webster began writing an expanded English dictionary.
14、A revision of that dictionary has been published.
15、To compile an exhaustive dictionary is an exhausting task.
16、Dictionary attack — Guessing the password of a valid user using a brute force search through dictionary words.
17、The dictionary is stored in the table itself, implying a small amount of overhead (approximately 74kb).
18、So you need to add all expected variations manually to the variants of the dictionary.
19、The student came along with an English dictionary under his arm.
20、The new edition of the dictionary reflects the impact of these changes.
21、The keys of a dictionary are inherently unique, so it's possible to use a dictionary to remove duplicate lines from a file, and to do so in a way that preserves the original ordering of those lines.
22、In addition to the lexical dictionaries that are used during the dictionary lookup, there are also special internal inflection dictionaries.
23、The first edition of this dictionary has an impression of 10,000 copies and the total price is 1,000,000 yuan.
24、America's first dictionary -- Noah Webster's A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language -- was published 200 years ago and also introduced a crop of fresh words that have now become familiar.
25、One might not be surprised to find that a dictionary definition of this vintage omits a Japanese viewpoint.
26、If a word is not in the dictionary it gets a red underline, otherwise it's left alone.
27、ESL students and curious native speakers can search this dictionary to find idioms like "part and parcel," or "gnaw your vitals."
28、It is recommended that you implement a strong password policy to avoid any weak passwords being disclosed under brute force or dictionary attacks.
29、Leonard intends to record the Inughuits and, rather than writing a grammar or dictionary, produce an "ethnography of speaking" to show how their language and culture are interconnected.
本站涵盖的内容、图片、视频等数据系网络收集,部分未能与原作者取得联系。若涉及版权问题,请联系我们删除!联系邮箱:ynstorm@foxmail.com 谢谢支持!